To observe water as it changes state from solid to liquid and then back to gas.
Equipment:
A 250 mL beaker, Thermometer, Bunsen Burner, Heatproof Mat, Tripod and Gauze Mat, Stopwatch, Retort Stand and Clamp & Ice Cubes.
Method:
1. Collect enough ice so that your beaker is half full and place the thermometer into it while you set up the rest of the equipment.
2. Set up the retort stand and clamp alongside the tripod and gauze mat.
3. Place the beaker of the ice on the gauze mat and gently clamp the thermometer so that it is held upright and the scale is easy to see. The bottom of your thermometer should be low enough to still be covered by the warm water when the ice melts, but not touching the bottom of the beaker.
4. Record the initial temperature of the ice in a data table.
5. Light the bunsen burner and start timing with the stopwatch.
6. Measure and record the temperature every minute.
7. Continue measuring and recording the temperature until the water has been boiling for 2-3 minutes.
Results:
Time (min) temp
0 11
1 19
2 22
3 25 ---------
4 43
5 61
6 79
7 96
7.30 103
Discussion:
We set up our equipment and lit our bunsen burner and recorded the amount it reached on the thermometer every minute. In the beaker, we put just a little amount of water so it wouldn't break as soon as we turned the gas on. Soon the ice began to melt by the time it got to the 4-minute mark.
Afterwards, the liquid evaporated into a gas by the 7-minute mark. The graph above shows the results.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, this experiment was about viewing how a solid turns into liquid and then into a gas. Our experiment worked out well & we got to see how this process works in action. Seeing this experiment explains the process more and is easier to understand.
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